report of waste oil as a fuel
ABSTRACT
Environment Pollution and
energy crisis become problem in indonesia. the problem because vehicle and
industry in indonesia increase. If vehicle is increase so that use oil in
indonesia is increased, system right now, government utilize waste oil is not
good. so that we will change the system right now in to second option for
utilize and manage waste oil from lubricant. result our discussion, waste oil
from lubricant can be used as a fuel for society, industry and home industry.
this project of intended
for manage waste oil become to alternative energy. and we are discussion for
make burner design, so that can manage waste oil as a fuel. machine that we
created just modify from another machine. the difference this machine is nozzle
system on burner. nozzle that we make is simple design with use high pressure
can mix air with fuel a perfectly, and the produce small smoke. before create the burner so we must
know PEST analysis (politic, economic, social and technology). based of
government regulation number 18 1999 year about waste oil, government support
to utilize waste oil. from the economic side in indonesian, population growth
and GDP is increased year by year, so that vehicle ownership too increase. with
used waste oil as a fuel then can save environment dan to impact on social. and
the technology side the burner can used as facility for utilize waste oil.
after get a support from
PEST analysis so we believes for created the burner as a facility utilize waste
oil and can be used as an alternative energy. the purpose of this project is as utilization waste oil
that can be used on boiler machine. so that the result from boiler machine
have electricity product that can be
utilized society, industry that used heat energy.
A. INTRODUCTION
Indonesia is the 4th largest country.
The population in Indonesia has increased from year to year. Based on the
statistical data in 1990 to 2013 continue to rise. The condition is getting bad
because of the increasing population.
with the increase in population,
vehicle use is increasing, primary in the working age. so the use of oil as a
lubricant vehicles are increasingly required. Production of waste oil in
indonesia is very over. lubricant oil from vehicle and industry is primary
problem from waste oil. vehicle ownership continues to increase from year to
year. below is a diagram of the use of oil from vehicles in Indonesia.
Fig.2
Vehicle ownership of indonesia (http://bps.go.id)
diagram above shows vehicle ownership
in Indonesia, Motorcycle ownership
in Indonesia is
the most widely. motorcycle
ownership in 2012 reached 76.381.183 unit with oil capacity 0,8 Liter, car
10.432.259 unit with oil capacity 4 Liter, Truck 2.273.821 unit with oil
capacity 16 Liter, and bus 5.286.061 unit with oil capacity 16 Liter. if the
vehicle is assumed to change the oil every month, will get as much oil 358.0673.512
Liter/bulan. below is a diagram used oil expenditures from year to year.
Fig.3
Quantity used oil
increase in vehicles in Indonesia is
not comparable to oil production. Indonesia in 2003 oil crisis. kerisis oil
lasted until 2010. while industry in Indonesia also needs a lot of oil as
lubrication. in Indonesia there is no machine that can process waste oil into
the new oil. so the Indonesian government only storing oil in various places
and selling oil in other countries.
Fig.4
crude oil production and consumtion in indonesia (Source: BP Statistical Review of World
Energy 2013)
waste oil is a waste B3 type, because
easy to flammable and destroy to environment. government give the rule for
utilize waste oil. so waste oil from industry and vehicle must send waste oil
to collector an approved by government. if they send waste oil to collector, so
industry and vehicle must pay Rp. 200.000/drum
(source: observation in yogyakarta).
sometimes customer (industry and vehicle) dump waste oil
to environment and river or sea. if customer dump the waste oil into the
land, the land will be barren and plant
cannot growth. if castomor dump the waste oil into the river and sea, the
water can be destroy living thing. waste
oil also has implications for humans as unhealthy, pollution, and poisoning if
consumed by humans. below is an example of a problem in Indonesia.
date
|
company
|
address
|
problem
|
source
|
March
29th, 2014
|
PT.
Tenoo Indonesia
|
Jawa
timur
|
Throw the river
|
Surya
on line
|
February
07th, 2012
|
Elnusa
|
Sulawesi
|
Hoarding
|
Kompas.com
|
December
28th, 2009
|
PT.
Timas Serang
|
Banten
|
Fire
|
FT.
Sipil in environment (ITB)
|
October
13th, 2009
|
PT.
Dry Dock Pertama
|
Riau
|
spill
|
FT.
Sipil in environment (ITB)
|
effects
of waste oil
|
source
|
Damage to rice fields and river polluted
|
KORAN
SINDO, Senin (27/10/2014).
|
warehouse in karawang aflame by waste oil
|
The Government has supported and
allowed to treat waste oil if it has a technology that can be used. So we
intend to create a tool that can treat waste oil and We believe that waste oil
not dangerous if the waste oil can be put to good use. the result of the discussion
is process waste oil into fuel. We are
change the system right now in to the new system, so waste oil become alternative energy.
B. PEST
Analysis
PEST analysis is a method to support
the manufacture of machinery and techniques used in strategic management to
look beyond the environmental factors
P，E，S，T are initial word of the following
things
P : Political Aspect
E : Economical Aspect
S : Social Aspect
T : Technological Aspect
1. Politic
based on Government Regulation No. 18
of 1999. There are 3-point support for utilize and manage waste oil. Article
number 1 (general) is B3 Waste Management that consist of storage, collection,
carriage, utilization, prossesing and hoarding. Article number 9 (Processing and development tenology)
is Everyone have waste oil must manage and make technology and article number 42 (Place to
manage) is Government give
a permission to
treat waste oil
conclusions from reading the above,
the government has given permission and support to treat waste oil and create
new technology, so it can be used by the community. we believe with the support
given by the government will be able to our advantage to treat waste oil as
fuel (heat energy)
2. Economic
Of the Indonesian economy we recognize
that Indonesia has the economic crisis. because Indonesia is currently still
using gasoline, LPG etc. for industrial as heat energy. while GDP in
Indonesia from year to year increase. Figure 5 is an increase in GDP per capita
in Indonesia
by using a burner to burn used oil
facility, the community and industry can lower production costs. because when
compared to fossil fuels, use of waste oil is more beneficial than the use of
fossil. Becouse the
lack of production in crude oil, large
consumption large consumption make a
price of crude oil is very expensive and waste oil quantity is over production
3. Social
increased population growth in
Indonesia. in 2010 up to now the number of Indonesian population reached more
than 2,300 million. we can analyze
that the population have a possibility to grow even more in the future.
The number of people making a lot of
people have a vehicle. So the waste oil in Indonesia is getting overflowed. And
the public has not been able to find out the advantages of waste oil. With the
new technology available, we hope the community can create a new culture of
environmental awareness around waste oil, so that people know the benefits of
oil waste treatment. They can utilize waste oil for production home
industry.
4. Technology
Indonesian government has supported to
manage waste oil and create new technology. The regulation issued by the
government in article 9 about processing and develop technology
With the facilities we provide, the
government can find a burner that can result in complete combustion. Burner we
made different from the other burner. It uses fuel burner of used oil, while
the burner is still used as a fossil fuel, for example gasoline, LPG, another a
fuel
Waste oil that we use to do cracking prosess, because
with this process will result in the burning of waste oil that is perfect and
does not cause much pollution. We designed a nozzle that can mix waste oil and heat
steam. Figure nozzle can be seen in the Figure number 7
Fig.7
Nozzle design
The second
design is a burner. Burner that we made using the system as a mixture of water
vapor from waste oil. Before supplying water vapor, mixing the use of the
compressor as a mixing of waste oil. if the water vapor already have min 4 bar
pressure, the supply of the compressor is stopped and replaced with the use of
water vapor. Figure 8 is a burner design
Fig.8 burner design
Of all our
analysis, especially from the aspect of technology, burner has a good potential
and can produce great heat energy. And we found that the success of treatment
of waste oil has been studies by other countries. And can be applied in
Indonesia.
C. Randering
Fig.9 the use of waste oil as a
fuel for burner
D. Result
of Discussion
1.
From
the data we get we discuss and get to the point that waste oil have potential
energy to generate the heat energy. Because the energy from the fossil fuel etc
will be out of stock and then the price more expensive for buying. If we don’t
utilize something has a potential energy, someday Indonesia will get energy
crisis problem.
2.
From
the problem caused by the waste oil quantity increase we know that Indonesia
has many potential of waste oil . But from the data we get, we know that the
energy content is not more by fossil as fuel. And from analyze the data we get
that waste oil energy content is the cheapest. We can use waste oil as fuel
become heat energy.
3.
From
analyze the design of burner machine we use the nozzle with variants hole to
formation of fine particles (atomizer) and Improving air-fuel mixture ratio.
4.
the
second design is burner with the air supplied by vaporizing water.
E. Conclusion
Waste oil which is increasingly
become a problem in indonesia, can be used as a fuel for burner, producing heat
to provide energy. The technology need to be implemented to adjust the burner
for this kind of fuel. It is also important to make it easer to operate and
have a low production cost
report of waste oil as a fuel
Reviewed by dpy
on
March 24, 2015
Rating:
Reviewed by dpy
on
March 24, 2015
Rating:
No comments: